N-Hexane: Chemical Product Description, Uses, and Technical Data
Product Description
N-Hexane is a colorless, flammable liquid with a distinctive odor. It is a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms, represented by the chemical formula C₆H₁₄. N-Hexane is primarily derived from petroleum and is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial applications. Its low boiling point and high volatility make it an effective solvent for extracting oils and fats, as well as for cleaning and degreasing purposes.
Uses of N-Hexane
N-Hexane has a wide range of applications across various industries, including:
- Solvent in Extraction Processes: Used in the extraction of edible oils from seeds and vegetables.
- Cleaning Agent: Employed in the cleaning of electronic components and precision instruments.
- Adhesives and Coatings: Utilized as a solvent in the formulation of adhesives, paints, and coatings.
- Laboratory Reagent: Commonly used in laboratories for various chemical reactions and analyses.
- Fuel Additive: Sometimes used as a fuel additive to improve combustion efficiency.
Technical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C₆H₁₄ |
| Molecular Weight | 86.18 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Characteristic, mild |
| Boiling Point | 68.7 °C (155.7 °F) |
| Melting Point | -95 °C (-139 °F) |
| Density | 0.6548 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | -22 °C (-7.6 °F) |
| Solubility in Water | Insoluble |
| Vapor Pressure | 160 mmHg at 20 °C |
| Autoignition Temperature | 225 °C (437 °F) |
| CAS Number | 110-54-3 |
Safety and Handling
- Flammability: N-Hexane is highly flammable; proper precautions should be taken to avoid ignition sources.
- Health Hazards: Prolonged exposure can lead to neurological effects; appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used.
- Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and incompatible materials.
Conclusion
N-Hexane is a versatile chemical with significant industrial applications, particularly as a solvent. Understanding its properties, uses, and safety measures is essential for effective handling and application in various fields.