Ethylene Oxide Product Description
Ethylene Oxide (EO) is a colorless, flammable gas with a sweet odor. It is a highly reactive compound that is primarily used in the production of antifreeze, solvents, and various chemical intermediates. Ethylene Oxide is also a key ingredient in the manufacture of ethylene glycol, which is widely used in the production of plastics, resins, and fibers. Due to its reactivity, EO is utilized in the synthesis of a variety of chemicals, including surfactants, detergents, and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, it serves as a sterilizing agent in the medical industry, effectively eliminating bacteria and viruses from medical equipment and supplies.
Key Uses of Ethylene Oxide
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Chemical Manufacturing:
- Production of ethylene glycol, which is used in antifreeze and polyester fibers.
- Synthesis of surfactants and detergents.
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Sterilization:
- Used in the sterilization of medical devices and supplies due to its effectiveness against a wide range of pathogens.
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Fumigation:
- Employed in the fumigation of food products to eliminate pests and pathogens.
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Intermediate in Organic Synthesis:
- Acts as a precursor for various chemicals, including glycols, alcohols, and amines.
Technical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C₂H₄O |
| Molecular Weight | 44.05 g/mol |
| Boiling Point | 10.7 °C (51.3 °F) |
| Melting Point | -111.3 °C (-168.3 °F) |
| Density | 0.881 g/cm³ |
| Flash Point | 3.9 °C (39 °F) |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| Vapor Pressure | 100 mmHg at 20 °C |
| Autoignition Temperature | 425 °C (797 °F) |
| CAS Number | 75-21-8 |
Safety and Handling
- Flammability: Ethylene Oxide is highly flammable and should be stored away from heat sources and open flames.
- Toxicity: It is classified as a potential carcinogen and can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) should be used when handling EO.
- Storage: Should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area in tightly sealed containers to prevent leaks and exposure.
Conclusion
Ethylene Oxide is a versatile chemical with significant applications in various industries, particularly in manufacturing and sterilization. Its unique properties make it an essential compound in the production of numerous everyday products, while its handling requires strict safety measures to mitigate risks associated with its flammability and toxicity.