Epoxyethane Product Description
Epoxyethane, commonly known as ethylene oxide (EO), is a colorless, flammable gas with a sweet odor. It is a cyclic ether and is primarily used in the production of antifreeze, detergents, and various other chemical intermediates. Due to its reactivity, epoxyethane is a key building block in the synthesis of a wide range of products, including glycols, surfactants, and plastics. Its ability to undergo polymerization makes it valuable in the production of polyethylene glycol and other polymers.
Key Features:
- Chemical Formula: C₂H₄O
- Molecular Weight: 44.05 g/mol
- Boiling Point: 10.5 °C (50.9 °F)
- Melting Point: -111.2 °C (-168.2 °F)
- Density: 0.881 g/cm³
- Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, and ether
Uses of Epoxyethane
Epoxyethane is utilized in various industries due to its versatile chemical properties. Some of the primary applications include:
- Production of Ethylene Glycol: Used in antifreeze and coolant formulations.
- Manufacture of Surfactants: Essential in detergents and cleaning products.
- Polymer Production: Acts as a precursor for polyethylene glycol and other polymers.
- Sterilization Agent: Employed in the sterilization of medical equipment and supplies.
- Chemical Intermediate: Used in the synthesis of various chemicals, including solvents and pharmaceuticals.
Technical Data
Here is a detailed technical data table for epoxyethane:
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Ethylene Oxide |
| CAS Number | 75-21-8 |
| Molecular Formula | C₂H₄O |
| Molecular Weight | 44.05 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
| Odor | Sweet |
| Boiling Point | 10.5 °C (50.9 °F) |
| Melting Point | -111.2 °C (-168.2 °F) |
| Density | 0.881 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| Flash Point | -17.8 °C (0 °F) |
| Vapor Pressure | 100 mmHg at 20 °C |
| Reactivity | Highly reactive |
| Toxicity | Toxic and flammable |
Safety Considerations
- Flammability: Epoxyethane is highly flammable and should be handled with care.
- Toxicity: Exposure can lead to respiratory issues and other health concerns; appropriate safety measures should be taken.
In summary, epoxyethane is a crucial chemical compound with a wide range of applications across various industries, making it an essential component in modern chemical manufacturing.