Methanol Solvent: Product Description, Uses, and Technical Data
Product Description
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, or carbinol, is a colorless, volatile liquid with a slightly sweet odor. It is the simplest alcohol and is used as a solvent, antifreeze, fuel, and as a feedstock for the production of formaldehyde and other chemicals. Methanol is miscible with water, ethanol, and many organic solvents, making it a versatile solvent in various industrial applications.
Uses of Methanol
Methanol has a wide range of applications across different industries, including:
- Solvent: Used in paints, coatings, and adhesives due to its ability to dissolve a variety of substances.
- Fuel: Employed as a fuel in internal combustion engines and as a feedstock for biodiesel production.
- Chemical Feedstock: Serves as a precursor for the synthesis of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and other chemicals.
- Antifreeze: Utilized in automotive antifreeze and windshield washer fluids.
- Laboratory Reagent: Commonly used in laboratories for various chemical reactions and extractions.
Technical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | CH₃OH |
| Molecular Weight | 32.04 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Slightly sweet |
| Boiling Point | 64.7 °C (148.5 °F) |
| Melting Point | -97.6 °C (-143.7 °F) |
| Density | 0.7918 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| Flash Point | 11.8 °C (53.2 °F) |
| Vapor Pressure | 96 mmHg at 20 °C |
| Toxicity | Harmful if ingested; can cause blindness and death |
Key Points
- Methanol is a highly versatile solvent with applications in various industries.
- It is important to handle methanol with care due to its toxic properties.
- Methanol’s miscibility with water and other solvents enhances its utility in chemical processes.
Safety Considerations
- Always use personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling methanol.
- Ensure proper ventilation in areas where methanol is used.
- Store methanol in a cool, dry place away from heat sources and incompatible materials.
By understanding the properties, uses, and safety considerations of methanol, industries can effectively utilize this chemical while ensuring safe handling practices.