Product Description: Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol)
Ethyl alcohol, commonly known as ethanol, is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. It is a volatile and flammable substance that is widely used in various industries due to its solvent properties. Ethanol is produced through the fermentation of sugars by yeast or can be synthesized from petrochemical feedstocks. In laboratory settings, it serves as a versatile solvent for a wide range of applications, including extraction, purification, and as a reagent in chemical reactions.
Uses of Ethyl Alcohol
- Solvent: Ethanol is an excellent solvent for polar and non-polar compounds, making it ideal for dissolving a variety of substances in laboratory experiments.
- Disinfectant: Due to its antimicrobial properties, ethyl alcohol is commonly used as a disinfectant in medical and laboratory environments.
- Preservative: Ethanol is used in the preservation of biological specimens and in the formulation of various pharmaceutical products.
- Chemical Reagent: It serves as a reagent in organic synthesis and is involved in various chemical reactions, including esterification and dehydration.
- Fuel: Ethanol is also used as a biofuel and is blended with gasoline to reduce emissions and enhance octane ratings.
Technical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C₂H₅OH |
| Molecular Weight | 46.07 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Characteristic alcoholic odor |
| Boiling Point | 78.37 °C (173.07 °F) |
| Melting Point | -114.1 °C (-173.38 °F) |
| Density | 0.789 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| Flash Point | 13 °C (55.4 °F) |
| Vapor Pressure | 5.9 kPa (at 20 °C) |
| pH | Neutral (approximately 7) |
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry place away from heat and ignition sources. |
Safety Information
- Hazards: Highly flammable; may cause irritation to skin and eyes.
- First Aid Measures: In case of skin contact, wash with soap and water. If ingested, seek medical attention immediately.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Use gloves, goggles, and lab coats when handling ethyl alcohol.
Conclusion
Ethyl alcohol is a fundamental solvent in laboratory settings, valued for its versatility and effectiveness in various applications. Its technical properties, combined with its wide range of uses, make it an essential component in scientific research, pharmaceuticals, and industrial processes. Proper handling and safety measures are crucial to ensure safe usage in any environment.