Ethanol Product Description
Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. It is a volatile and flammable substance that is widely used in various industries. Ethanol is produced through the fermentation of sugars by yeast or through the hydration of ethylene. It is a renewable resource when derived from biomass, making it an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels. Ethanol is commonly used as a solvent, in the production of alcoholic beverages, and as a fuel additive to enhance octane ratings and reduce emissions in gasoline.
Uses of Ethanol
- Fuel: Ethanol is blended with gasoline to create a cleaner-burning fuel, commonly known as E10 (10% ethanol, 90% gasoline) or E85 (85% ethanol, 15% gasoline).
- Solvent: It is used as a solvent in the manufacturing of paints, coatings, and personal care products due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances.
- Antiseptic: Ethanol is an effective antiseptic and is used in hand sanitizers and disinfectants to kill bacteria and viruses.
- Food Industry: It is used as a food preservative and flavoring agent, as well as in the production of vinegar.
- Pharmaceuticals: Ethanol is utilized in the formulation of various medications and as a carrier for active ingredients.
Technical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C₂H₅OH |
| Molecular Weight | 46.07 g/mol |
| Boiling Point | 78.37 °C (173.07 °F) |
| Melting Point | -114.1 °C (-173.38 °F) |
| Density | 0.789 g/cm³ at 20 °C |
| Flash Point | 13 °C (55.4 °F) |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| Vapor Pressure | 5.8 kPa at 20 °C |
| pH | 7 (neutral) |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
Key Features
- Renewable Resource: Ethanol can be produced from various biomass sources, making it a sustainable option.
- Versatile Applications: Its wide range of uses spans multiple industries, from automotive to pharmaceuticals.
- Environmental Benefits: Ethanol-blended fuels can reduce greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional gasoline.
Ethanol continues to play a significant role in modern society, contributing to cleaner energy solutions and serving as a vital ingredient in numerous products.