Methanol Solvent: Product Description, Uses, and Technical Data
Product Description
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol or wood alcohol, is a colorless, volatile liquid with a slightly sweet odor. It is the simplest alcohol and is used as a solvent, antifreeze, fuel, and as a feedstock for the production of chemicals. Methanol is miscible with water, ethanol, and many organic solvents, making it a versatile solvent in various applications. Its low toxicity compared to other solvents makes it a preferred choice in many industrial processes.
Uses of Methanol
Methanol has a wide range of applications across various industries, including:
- Solvent: Used in the production of paints, coatings, and adhesives.
- Fuel: Employed as a fuel in internal combustion engines and as a component in biodiesel.
- Chemical Feedstock: Serves as a precursor for the synthesis of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and other chemicals.
- Antifreeze: Utilized in windshield washer fluids and de-icing products.
- Laboratory Reagent: Commonly used in laboratories for various chemical reactions and extractions.
Technical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | CH₃OH |
| Molecular Weight | 32.04 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Slightly sweet |
| Boiling Point | 64.7 °C (148.5 °F) |
| Melting Point | -97.6 °C (-143.7 °F) |
| Density | 0.7918 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| Flash Point | 11.8 °C (53.2 °F) |
| Vapor Pressure | 96 mmHg at 20 °C |
| Toxicity | LD50 (oral, rat) = 5628 mg/kg |
Key Points
- Methanol is a versatile solvent with applications in various industries.
- It is a key feedstock for the production of many chemicals.
- Methanol is less toxic than many other solvents, making it safer for certain applications.
- Proper handling and storage are essential due to its flammability and potential health risks.
Conclusion
Methanol is an essential chemical product with diverse applications ranging from industrial solvents to fuel sources. Its unique properties and lower toxicity make it a valuable component in many formulations and processes. Understanding its technical data and uses is crucial for industries that rely on this versatile solvent.