Product Description: Methanol
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol, is a colorless, volatile liquid with a slightly sweet odor. It is the simplest alcohol and is used as a solvent, fuel, and antifreeze. Methanol is produced from natural gas, coal, or biomass and is a key ingredient in the production of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and various other chemicals. Due to its low toxicity compared to other alcohols, methanol is widely used in various industrial applications.
Uses of Methanol
- Solvent: Methanol is an effective solvent for a wide range of organic compounds, making it useful in laboratories and industrial processes.
- Fuel: It can be used as a fuel for internal combustion engines and is a key component in the production of biodiesel.
- Chemical Feedstock: Methanol is a precursor for the synthesis of formaldehyde, acetic acid, and other chemicals.
- Antifreeze: Due to its low freezing point, methanol is commonly used in antifreeze formulations.
- Pharmaceuticals: It is used in the production of various pharmaceuticals and as a solvent in drug formulations.
- Cleaning Products: Methanol is often found in cleaning agents and degreasers.
Technical Data
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | CH₃OH |
| Molecular Weight | 32.04 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Slightly sweet |
| Boiling Point | 64.7 °C (148.5 °F) |
| Melting Point | -97.6 °C (-143.7 °F) |
| Density | 0.7918 g/cm³ at 20 °C |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| Flash Point | 11.8 °C (53.2 °F) |
| Vapor Pressure | 96 mmHg at 20 °C |
| Toxicity | Low (but can be harmful in high concentrations) |
Safety and Handling
- Toxicity: Methanol is toxic if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It can cause headaches, dizziness, nausea, and in severe cases, blindness or death.
- Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and incompatible materials.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Use gloves, goggles, and protective clothing when handling methanol to minimize exposure.
Summary
Methanol is a versatile chemical solvent with a wide range of applications in various industries. Its properties make it suitable for use as a solvent, fuel, and chemical feedstock. However, safety precautions must be taken when handling methanol due to its toxic nature.