Diethylene Glycol Product Description
Diethylene Glycol (DEG) is a colorless, odorless, and hygroscopic liquid that is a member of the glycol family. It is a diol, meaning it contains two hydroxyl (-OH) groups, which makes it a versatile compound in various industrial applications. DEG is primarily produced through the hydration of ethylene oxide and is known for its ability to act as a solvent, plasticizer, and humectant. Its chemical formula is C4H10O3, and it has a molecular weight of 106.12 g/mol. Due to its properties, DEG is widely used in the production of antifreeze, hydraulic fluids, and as a raw material in the synthesis of other chemicals.
Key Properties of Diethylene Glycol:
- Appearance: Colorless, viscous liquid
- Odor: Mild, sweet odor
- Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, and ether
- Boiling Point: 245 °C (473 °F)
- Melting Point: -8.5 °C (16.7 °F)
- Density: 1.118 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Uses of Diethylene Glycol
Diethylene Glycol is utilized in a variety of applications across different industries, including:
- Antifreeze and Coolants: Used in automotive and industrial applications to lower the freezing point of liquids.
- Hydraulic Fluids: Serves as a base fluid in hydraulic systems due to its excellent lubricating properties.
- Chemical Intermediate: Acts as a precursor in the synthesis of other chemicals, such as plasticizers and resins.
- Solvent: Employed as a solvent in paints, coatings, and inks due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances.
- Humectant: Used in cosmetics and personal care products to retain moisture.
- Textile Industry: Utilized in the production of fibers and as a dyeing agent.
Technical Data Table
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C4H10O3 |
| Molecular Weight | 106.12 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless, viscous liquid |
| Odor | Mild, sweet |
| Boiling Point | 245 °C (473 °F) |
| Melting Point | -8.5 °C (16.7 °F) |
| Density | 1.118 g/cm³ at 20 °C |
| Flash Point | 132 °C (270 °F) |
| Viscosity | 1.2 cP at 20 °C |
| Solubility | Miscible with water, ethanol, and ether |
| pH | Neutral (approximately 7) |
Safety and Handling
- Toxicity: Diethylene Glycol is considered to have low acute toxicity, but ingestion can lead to serious health effects. Proper safety measures should be taken when handling.
- Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials. Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling.
In summary, Diethylene Glycol is a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications, making it an essential compound in various industries. Its unique properties allow it to serve multiple functions, from acting as a solvent to being a key ingredient in antifreeze formulations.