Caustic Soda (Sodium Hydroxide) Product Description
Caustic soda, also known as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is a highly versatile and essential chemical compound widely used in various industries. It is a white, odorless solid that is highly soluble in water, producing a strongly alkaline solution. Caustic soda is known for its strong corrosive properties and is classified as a hazardous material. It is commonly available in solid form (pellets, flakes, or granules) and as a liquid solution.
Key Characteristics:
- Chemical Formula: NaOH
- Molecular Weight: 40.00 g/mol
- Appearance: White solid or colorless liquid
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water
- pH: Strongly alkaline (pH > 13)
Uses of Caustic Soda:
Caustic soda is utilized in a wide range of applications, including but not limited to:
- Chemical Manufacturing: Used in the production of various chemicals, including chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, and other sodium compounds.
- Pulp and Paper Industry: Employed in the pulping process to break down wood fibers and produce paper.
- Textile Industry: Used in the dyeing and finishing processes of textiles.
- Food Industry: Utilized in food processing, such as in the production of olives and pretzels, to enhance texture and flavor.
- Water Treatment: Acts as a pH regulator in water treatment facilities.
- Soap and Detergent Production: Essential in the saponification process for making soaps.
- Oil and Gas Industry: Used in drilling fluids and for refining processes.
Technical Data Table
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | Sodium Hydroxide |
| CAS Number | 1310-73-2 |
| Molecular Weight | 40.00 g/mol |
| Appearance | White solid or colorless liquid |
| Density | 2.13 g/cm³ (solid) |
| Melting Point | 318 °C (604 °F) |
| Boiling Point | 1380 °C (2516 °F) |
| Solubility in Water | 111 g/100 mL (at 20 °C) |
| pH of 1M Solution | > 13 |
| Flash Point | Not applicable |
| Hazard Classification | Corrosive, Causes severe burns |
Safety Precautions:
- Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing when handling caustic soda.
- Store in a cool, dry place away from incompatible materials such as acids and organic compounds.
- In case of contact with skin or eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention.
Caustic soda is a critical compound in many industrial processes, and its proper handling and usage are essential for safety and efficiency.